1. Importance and basic principles of ventilation system
During the operation of PLC electrical cabinet, many electronic components inside will generate heat. If the heat accumulation is too high, it will seriously affect the performance and service life of the components, and even cause failures. Therefore, the ventilation system plays a key role in heat dissipation. Its basic principle is to use the circulation of air to remove heat. Usually, air inlets and outlets are set on the plc electrical cabinet sheet metal shell. The air inlet introduces cold air from the outside, and the air outlet discharges hot air to form natural convection or use fans and other equipment to achieve forced convection. For example, in some small PLC electrical cabinets, by reasonably arranging ventilation holes on the side panels or top panels, natural convection can meet certain heat dissipation requirements; for electrical cabinets of large or high-power equipment, axial fans or centrifugal fans need to be installed to enhance the air flow speed and flow rate and improve the heat dissipation efficiency.
2. Design points of ventilation system
The design of ventilation system needs to integrate many factors. The first is the location and size of the vents. The air inlet should be located in a low temperature area and try to avoid direct entry of dust and moisture. The air outlet should facilitate the rapid discharge of hot air. The area of the vents needs to be calculated and determined based on the amount of heat generated inside the electrical cabinet and the expected air flow rate. Secondly, the duct design should be considered to ensure that the air flows smoothly in the cabinet to avoid the formation of local vortices or dead corners. For example, a guide plate can be used to guide the air to the key heating components. Furthermore, for electrical cabinets with protection level requirements, the vents need to be equipped with suitable filters to prevent dust and foreign matter from entering. The filtering accuracy of the filter should effectively block tiny particles while ensuring the ventilation volume, and it should be easy to replace and clean regularly.
3. The role and implementation of internal air purification technology
In addition to heat dissipation, keeping the internal air clean is also crucial for PLC electrical cabinets. Electronic components may be polluted by dust, corrosive gases, etc. when working, affecting their electrical performance. Air purification technology can effectively remove these pollutants. Common methods include adsorption filtration and electrostatic dust removal. Adsorption filtration uses adsorbent materials such as activated carbon and molecular sieves to adsorb harmful gases and tiny particles; electrostatic dust removal uses electrostatic fields to charge dust in the air, which is then adsorbed by electrodes. For example, in some precision PLC electrical cabinets with high air quality requirements, a primary filter will be used to remove large dust particles, and then the activated carbon adsorption layer will be used to remove acidic or alkaline gases. Finally, the air will be further purified by the high-efficiency electrostatic dust removal unit to ensure that the air purity entering the electrical cabinet reaches a high level.
4. Coordination and optimization of ventilation and air purification
In order to achieve the best effect of the ventilation system of the plc electrical cabinet sheet metal shell and the internal air purification technology, coordination and optimization are required. On the one hand, the air flow velocity and flow rate of the ventilation system should match the processing capacity of the air purification equipment to avoid incomplete purification due to excessive ventilation or heat dissipation due to too small ventilation. On the other hand, the priority of ventilation and purification should be reasonably adjusted according to the use environment and internal component characteristics of the electrical cabinet. In an industrial environment with heavy dust, the air purification effect can be strengthened first, and then the ventilation efficiency can be optimized; in a high temperature and high humidity environment, ventilation and heat dissipation are prioritized, while air purification is taken into account to prevent moisture and corrosive gases from damaging components. By continuously optimizing the collaborative work of the two, the service life of the PLC electrical cabinet can be extended and its working reliability and stability can be improved.
